Lesson 3: Vowel Marks
Fatha
Fatha: The sign ⠂(dot 2) placed after the letter. It makes emphatic letters sound as ‘a’ and non-emphatic letters as ’e’.
Examples
| Arabic | Braille |
|---|---|
| جَهَدَ | ⠚⠂⠓⠂⠙⠂ |
| حَطَبَ | ⠱⠂⠾⠂⠃⠂ |
| سَكَنَ | ⠎⠂⠅⠂⠝⠂ |
| رَقَثَ | ⠗⠂⠟⠂⠹⠂ |
| شَمَعَ | ⠩⠂⠍⠂⠷⠂ |
| وَسَطَ | ⠺⠂⠎⠂⠾⠂ |
| خَرَجَ | ⠭⠂⠗⠂⠚⠂ |
| ذَهَبَ | ⠮⠂⠓⠂⠃⠂ |
| جَلَسَ | ⠚⠂⠇⠂⠎⠂ |
| ضَحَكَ | ⠫⠂⠱⠂⠅⠂ |
| كَتَبَ | ⠅⠂⠞⠂⠃⠂ |
| حَسَدَ | ⠱⠂⠎⠂⠙⠂ |
| وَلَدَ | ⠺⠂⠇⠂⠙⠂ |
| غَرَكَ | ⠣⠂⠗⠂⠅⠂ |
| عَدَلَ | ⠷⠂⠙⠂⠇⠂ |
| تَرَكَ | ⠞⠂⠗⠂⠅⠂ |
Kasra
Kasra: The sign ⠑(dots 1,5) placed after the letter. It makes emphatic letters sound close to ‘ı’ and non-emphatic letters as ‘i’.
Examples
| Arabic | Braille |
|---|---|
| زِفِرِ | ⠵⠑⠋⠑⠗⠑ |
| حَمِلَ | ⠱⠂⠍⠑⠇⠂ |
| نَبِيِ | ⠝⠂⠃⠑⠊⠑ |
| مَلِكِ | ⠍⠂⠇⠑⠅⠑ |
| سِجِلِ | ⠎⠑⠚⠑⠇⠑ |
| فَضِلَ | ⠋⠂⠫⠑⠇⠂ |
| صَغِرِ | ⠯⠂⠣⠑⠗⠑ |
| كَلِمِ | ⠅⠂⠇⠑⠍⠑ |
| سَمِعَ | ⠎⠂⠍⠑⠷⠂ |
| خِصِمِ | ⠭⠑⠯⠑⠍⠑ |
| وَدِعَ | ⠺⠂⠙⠑⠷⠂ |
| دَنِزِ | ⠙⠂⠝⠑⠵⠑ |
| جَمِعِ | ⠚⠂⠍⠑⠷⠑ |
| حَسِبَ | ⠱⠂⠎⠑⠃⠂ |
| جَبِنِ | ⠚⠂⠃⠑⠝⠑ |
| يَمِنِ | ⠊⠂⠍⠑⠝⠑ |
| حَفِظِ | ⠱⠂⠋⠑⠿⠑ |
Damma
Damma: The sign ⠥(dots 1,3,6) placed after the letter. It makes both emphatic and non-emphatic letters sound as ‘u’.
Examples
| Arabic | Braille |
|---|---|
| قُدِرُ | ⠟⠥⠙⠑⠗⠥ |
| سُجُدَ | ⠎⠥⠚⠥⠙⠂ |
| طُمِثَ | ⠾⠥⠍⠑⠹⠂ |
| كُتُبَ | ⠅⠥⠞⠥⠃⠂ |
| ضُرِبَ | ⠫⠥⠗⠑⠃⠂ |
| هُدِيَ | ⠓⠥⠙⠑⠊⠂ |
| خُتِمَ | ⠭⠥⠞⠑⠍⠂ |
| ظُيِنَ | ⠿⠥⠊⠑⠝⠂ |
| قُرُنِ | ⠟⠥⠗⠥⠝⠑ |
| عُيِنَ | ⠷⠥⠊⠑⠝⠂ |
| رُسُلَ | ⠗⠥⠎⠥⠇⠂ |
| حُبِذُ | ⠱⠥⠃⠑⠮⠥ |
| وُلِدُ | ⠺⠥⠇⠑⠙⠥ |
| بَطُنَ | ⠃⠂⠾⠥⠝⠂ |
| نَرِثُ | ⠝⠂⠗⠑⠹⠥ |
| حَصُدَ | ⠱⠂⠯⠥⠙⠂ |
| يَلِجُ | ⠊⠂⠇⠑⠚⠥ |
| صُتِحَ | ⠯⠥⠞⠑⠱⠂ |
| ضَعُفِ | ⠫⠂⠷⠥⠋⠑ |
| وُجِدَ | ⠺⠥⠚⠑⠙⠂ |
| نُزُلَ | ⠝⠥⠵⠥⠇⠂ |
| شُعُرَ | ⠩⠥⠷⠥⠗⠂ |